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Lucretius Pronunciation—Offsite Link

c 94-49 BCE


Lucretius, [ca99-55BCE] "A Cow Mourning For Her Calf" and "Empedocles Eulogized" in On The Nature of Things, Literally Translated into English Prose, by the Rev. John Selby Watson.…To Which is Adjoined the Poetical Version of John Mason Good (London, 1851); Online at Google Books.

On the Nature of Things

A Cow Mourning for Her Calf

Lucretius, in On the Nature of Things proposes that "animals, not less than men, are known to each other" recognizing the suffering of any mother at the loss of her young.

Oft at some consecrated altar-side,
Where fragrant incense burns, a calf lies slain,
And from his breast breathes out the warm life-tide:
But the one mother, o'er the grassy land
Far ranging, sees his cloven hoof-prints plain
And leaves with roving eyes no spot unscanned
For her lost young, and fills with lowings wild
The shady wood; then tireless turns again
To the bare stall, sore stricken for her child.
Naught can the dewy grass, or tender leaf,
Or brimming river-bank, once fondly known
Avail to banish that o'er-mastering grief:
Nor by the sight of other calves, upgrown
In the fair fields, is her sad heart beguiled:
So deeply yearns when for her one, her own.


Empedocles Eulogized

Here many a wonder, many a scene sublime
As on he journeys, checks the traveller's steps;
And shows, at once, a land in harvests rich,
And rich in sages of illustrious fame.
But naught so wonderous, so illustrious nought,
So fair, so pure, so lovely, can it boast,
EMPEDOCLES, as thou ! whose song divine,
By all rehearsed, so clears each mystic lore,
That scarce mankind believed thee born of man.


Lucretius [ca99-55BCE], "A Cow Morning For Her Calf" in Treasures of Lucretius, Selected Passages from The De Rerum Naturâ, translated by Henry Salt (London, 1912).

Lucretius, [ca99-55BCE] "A Cow Mourning For Her Calf" and "Empedocles Eulogized" in On The Nature of Things, Literally Translated into English Prose, by the Rev. John Selby Watson.…To Which is Adjoined the Poetical Version of John Mason Good (London, 1851); Online at Google Books.

Written in the mid first century BCE; Originally published in Brescia, Italy around 1470; First English Edition [of the first book only]: John Evelyn, London, 1656; First Complete English Edition: Thomas Creech, London, 1682; First published in rhyme anonymously in 1799; and published in 1808 in Edinburgh also in Rhyme, by William Hamilton Drummond who would go on to write Humanity for Animals, (London, 1830) and The Rights Of Animals, and Man's Obligation to Treat Them With Humanity (London, 1838). (John Watson, "Remarks on the Life and Poem of Lucretius")

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Animal Welfare-Animal Rights Activists-Advocates-Quotes
Against Cruelty to Animals
Mythical & Divine Origin:
[Divine] Manu
[Mythical] Triptolemus
Before the Common Era (BC): Cave Paintings
Ancient ReligionsJainism,
Historic India—The doctrines of Ahimsa & Vegetarianism evolve.
[8th C. BCE] Hesiod
[Ancient Athens] Apreopagites
[621 BCE] Draco
[c599-510 BCE] Siddhartha, Sakyamuni, Buddha
[c 599-527 BCE] Mahavira
[c552-496 BCE] Pythagoras
[484-425 BCE] Herodotus
[c492-432 BCE] Empedocles
[c396-314 BCE] Xenocrates
[d. 276 BCE] Polemon
[c273-232 BCE] King Asoka
Ancient Animal Rights Law
[106-43 BCE] Cicero
[c94-49 BCE] Lucretius
[1st C. BCE]Quintus Sextius
[70-19 BCE] Virgil
Common Era (AD):
[43 BCE - 17 CE] Ovid
[1st C. BCE-CE]Sotion
[c 4 BCE-65] Seneca
[23-79] Pliny the Elder
[c46-120] Plutarch
[d. c215 ]Clement of Alexandria
[2nd or 3rd C.] Sextus Empiricus
[c160-230] Tertullian
[205-270] Plotinus
[c245-305] Porphyry


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Animal Welfare-Animal Rights Activists-Advocates-Authors Legislators and Educators continuing struggle for Animal Rights, Animal Welfare and Humane Education Against Cruelty to Animals can be seen throughout history in the words and actions of so many individuals. As Primary Source Historical Literature on Animal Rights, Animal Welfare & Humanity Against Cruelty to Animals is made available online, our Animal Rights Timeline, Humane Education Resource, Library-Archive of Primary Source Historical Literature will include not only the more noted events and authors of Animal Rights and the Humane Movement Against Cruelty to Animals, but lesser known advocates as well.

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Antiquity-Middle Ages
Ancient Animal Rights Law
Early Prohibitions-Middle Ages
[BCE-3rdc.] Mythical-Divine Origin; Antiquity—Classical Literature
[3rdc.-1485] Early Church Fathers, Old-Middle English Period

Renaissance
Early Anti-Cruelty Legislation
[1485-1660] English Renaissance

Enlightenment
Articles-Letters-Enlightenment
Pleas for Laws to Protect Animals
[1660-1689] Restoration
[1689-1745] Augustan Age-Pope
[1745-1785] Age of Sensibility

Romantic Age
Articles-Letters-Romantic Age
Modern Legislative Beginnings
[1785-1798] Burns-Cowper
[1798-1806] Wordsworth
[1806-1837] Byron, Martin's Act

Victorian Age
Articles-Letters-Victorian Age
Anti-Cruelty, Anti-Vivisection Laws
[1837-1876] Early Victorian Age
[1876-1901] Late Victorian Age

Early 20th Century
Articles-Letters-Early 20th
Continuing Animal Protection Law
[1901-1914] Edwardian Age
[1914-1945] Modern Period